Cylindrical lock



May 9, 1961 P. P. KUBIK CYLINDRICAL LOCK 6 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Sept. 14, 1956 1 I I I I ll INVENTOR. PM Z MK ATTORNEY.

May 9, 1961 Filed Sept. 14, 1956 P. P. KUBlK CYLINDRICAL LOCK 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR ATTORNEY y 1961 P. P. KUBIK CYLINDRICAL LOCK 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed Sept. 14, 1956 INVENTOR.

A TTORNEY May 9, 1961 P. P. KUBlK CYLINDRICAL LOCK 6 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed Sept. 14, 1956 A T'TORNE Y.

y 1961 P. P. KUBIK CYLINDRICAL LOCK 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed Sept. 14, 1956 R m H m May 9, 1961 P. P. KUBIK CYLINDRICAL LOCK 6 Sheets-Sheet 6 Filed Sept. 14, 1956 INVENTOR. PMZfW BY ATTORNEY.

United States Patent ,983 5 CYLINDRICAL LOCK Filed Sept. 14, 1956, Ser. No. 609,845 9 (c.1- 292-46 This invention relates to a cylindrical lock of the type in which a housing is utilized for mounting separate inside and outside knobs, the two knobs in turn operating spindles that are preferably in the form of sleeves. In the lock casing there is provided a bolt retractor that is adapted to be moved to retracted position by rotation of either of the spindle sleeves by its corresponding knob.

In locks of the particular class, it is important to provide numerous operating functions. Thus, in some locks it is necessary that the inside knob carry a push button which when depressed locks the outside knob against rotation, the rotation of the inside knob thereafter releasing the outside knob for free rotation. This may be varied by using a turn button which will notbe released. Further, in the looks that so utilize a push button or turn button, it very frequently is necessary to equip the outside knob with a key actuated cylinder for retracting the bolt retractor when that knob is locked by the button. Somewhat like those locks are others that will have emergency release means on the outside knob in place of the key actuated cylinder.

In another type of lock operation, the inside or outside knob, or both knobs, will be equipped with locking mechanism that will eifeot both the locking and the un locking of a knob. That knob in some instances will be the same knob on which the locking mechanism is mounted, and in other instances will be the opposed knob. In another type lock it may be necessary so to arrange the locking mechanism that when themech-anism on one knob -is operated both knobs will be locked against rotation.

As a matterof fact, in commercial locks ofthe particular class there are actually more than twenty diflerent types of operation involving the looking or unlocking of the inside and outside knobs and the release of the knobs in all sorts of combinations. This is all very necessary because locks of theparticular class are adapted for use on store doors, communicating doors, classroom doors, service station res-t rooms, and on various other doors found in commercial buildings,institutional buildings, homes and the like. In otherwords, itis extremely important to provide a lock of the particular class in which the inside and outside knobs may be variously equipped with push buttons, turn buttons, pin tumbler cylinders or the like forcontributing extremely varied types of controls and interlocks, all as those skilled'in the art will fully appreciate.

It is obvious that in commercial practice, it is .not feasible to manufacture a Particular lock for each type of operation. Rather, itis important to manufacture .a lock in such fashion that -it may lend itself to varying operations as the situation may demand, and with little change of parts. Naturally, to provide the numerous operating combinations is a task of greatmagnitude,and much ingenuity and effort has been devoted to the development of a lock that willoperate to give thediiferent controls that are necessary for all the particular and ar q er n tha a e equir d wh le Y tma ntaln n he part si gp andt w numbe use of the locking stern, it is possible so tha 2,983,537 a en y 91, 1961 I believe that I have contributed at this time a novel locking mechanism of the particular class described in which there is utilized an extremely effective concept that enables me to obtain numerous locking and operating combinations with very simple mechanism. This mechanism by its arrangement is adapted to yield every type of operation required in locks of the class here discussed.

Thus, as a feature of my invention I contribute a mechanism requiring but few operating parts, with those parts very simple in form and adapted easily to be assembled in a wide number of combinations to yield all of the intricate operations that are required.

In essence, my invention resides in the utilization of a lock housing having opposed bearing portions in the form vide each housing sleeve with a locking portion, pref-.

erably a groove. These grooves may be quite short, although the length is not critical. more of the washers as a locking Washer, t a Pa a: coacting with the grooves.

By providing means for sliding these washers or equivalent members relatively to the spindles, I can bring the locking washers into a position in the locking grooves of the housing sleeves, or outward- 1y of the locking grooves of the houlsing sleeves. When a Washer is in a groove, the spindle carrying the washer is obviously locked against rotation. In this way, it is possible for me to obtain many combinations and permu tations for varying operations. i Thus, if I provide meaus carried by the inside knob for moving the washer carried by the inside spindle sleeve into locking position or out of locking position, I control merely the inside knob. If I provide means extending from the inside knob through to the washer carried by the outside knobspindle sleeve, then I can from the inside knob control the locking or unlocking" of the outside knob. It is possible to reverse the operation by providing means carried by the outside knob for controlling either the outside knob spindle washer or theinside knob spindle washer. Naturally, it is possible to operate the Washers from the insideknob either by the key plug of a pin tumbler cylinder, a turn button, push buttombr the like, and it is similarly possible to operate the locking washers from the outside knob by a key plug, push button, turn button or the like. It is also possible to couple the washers of the inside and outside knobs so that "the two may be operated together to lock both knobs simultaneously or to release both knobs simultaneously, again through turn button, push button or pin tumbler cylinder.

My invention enables me not only to utilize the locking washers ortheir equivalent in the manner described, but also to assemblein the lock a push button actuated locking stem that will contribute to the operation of the conventional stems of that type. Thus, the locking stem when used as a part of the lock assembly can be actuated from the inside knob to lock the outside knob, and while so looking the outside knob will permit a. pin tumbler cylinder on that knob to be utilized for imparting bolt retracting movement to the retractor. Also, through the I so to arrange the lock that the closing of the door will automatically release the outside knob for rotation, as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art. My invention enables me actually to utilize the locking stem without the locking washers,

I can then form one or s aasssmblea 99k vin a y th yp I operation that are usually efiected through the use of a push button actuated locking stem. In addition, by utilizing the locking washers with the locking stern, I am able through my invention tov achieve the locking and unlocking of one or both knobs in various combinations, as well as the action that is contributed through the use of the stem.

In other words, through the simple concept that I have contributed to the art, I am able very eirectively and very simply to lock either or both of the knobs of my lock from the inside or from the outside, .and to do this in any number of combinations and. permutations that may be necessary to achieve effective, operations such as are required in modern commercial buildings, schools,.institutions, homes and the like.

I I have thus outlined rather broadly the mo re important features of my inventionin order'tha t the detailed de-. scription thereof that followsmaybe better understood, and in order that my contribution to the artmaybebetter appreciated. There are, of course, additionalfeaturesof my invention that will be described hereinafter and which.

will form the subject of the claims appendedhereto. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the conception on which my disclosure is based may readily be, utilized as a basis for the designing of other structures for carrying out the several purposes or my invention. It is important, therefore, that the claims be regarded as including such equivalent constructions as do not depart from the spirit and scope of my invention, in order to prevent the appropriation of my invention by those skilled in the art.

Referring now to the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section showing my novel looking mechanism assembled to provide push button locking, and also key'locking for both knobs. I

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section on the line 22 of Fig.1.

' Fig. 3"is a cross section'on the line 3- -3 ofFigs. 1 and 2.

Fig. 4 is an exploded view showing in more detail parts of the assembly shown in Figs. 1 to 3. v

Fig. 5 is a view on the line 5-5 of Fig. 4. v I V Fig. 6 is a detailed view illustrating the coaction between the locking stem and the outside spindle.

Fig. 7 shows parts of my locking mechanism that will be assembled to provide push button locking without key locking.

Fig. 8 shows parts of my mechanism that will provide an action like Fig. 7, but with the locking stem actuated through an inside lock cylinder.

Fig; 9 shows the manner in which I can substitute a turn button in the arrangement shown in Fig. 4 or Fig. 8.

' Fig. 10 shows how parts of my locking mechanism may be assembled to enable a key' on each knob to lock that knob.

Fig. 11 indicates how my mechanism can be assembled so that each key controls the opposed knob.

Fig. 112 shows in detail the links utilized in Fig. 11.

Fig. 13 shows parts of my locking mechanism that I utilize to control both knobs through a key on either knob.

Figs. 14 and 15 show the means that coact with opposed ends of the connecting bar shown in Fig. 13.

Referring now more particularly to Figs. 1, 2, and 3 of the drawings, I utilize in my invention a cylindrical lock housing 10 having on opposed ends thereof an inside spindle bearing sleeve 11 and an outside spindle bearing sleeve 12. The details of the cylindrical housing 10 and its mounting are not important to an understanding of my invention, and it is necessary to know merely that the bearing sleeves 11, 12 are integrally assembled to opposed ends of the housing 16. Simply for purposes of illustration, I show the housing 10 mounted upon a door D in Fig. 1 through knob roses 13, 14 that are threaded upon the bearing sleeves 11, 12 to clamp op.- posed sides of the door D. g

I. further utilize a sleeve-like inside knob spindle 15 and a similar outside knob spindle 16, Figs. 1 and 2, that rotate on the corresponding bearing sleeves 11, 12, and that have knobs 17, 18. A lug 19a on each spindle 15, 16 interlocks with its bearing sleeve to hold the spindle assembled. The insideand outside spindles 15, 16 are formed at their inner ends with cam portions 19,

that coact with a bolt retractor 20 in the cylindrical hous-- ing 10, Fig. 1, whereby either spindle 15, 16 when ro tilted by its knob will retract a latchboltB. Those skilled in the art will recognize that the arrangement I have thus far described is rather typical of cylindrical locks, regardless of the particular type of locking operation that is provided by the lock.

As a part of the extremely novel locking mechanism that I have now conceived, I form the inner surface of the inside spindle bearing sleeve 11 with a pair of circular grooves 21, 22, Figs. 1 and 2, that are spaced relatively to one another in an axial direction on the sleeve. Between the grooves 21, 22, the bearing sleeve 11 has a longitudinal groove 23, Figs. 2 and 3. I form also the outside bearing sleeve 12 with inner grooves 24, 25 that are like the corresponding grooves 21, 22 on the inside sleeve, with a longitudinal groove 26 extending between those grooves 24, 25, I then form opposed sides of each sleeve-like spindle 15, 16 with longitudinal windows or slots 27, 28, Figs. 2 and 3, that are so arranged as to lie in aligned relation to the longitudinal grooves 23, '26 on bearing sleeves 11, 12 when the spindles 15, 16 are in normal position corresponding to the projected position of the latchbolt B. I

I provide several washers for assembly to the spindle slots 27, 28, three of those washers, that I utilize in Figs. 1 and 2, being numbered 29, 29a, and 30. As shown in more detail in Fig. 4, the washer 30 has opposed lugs 31 that will engage in the spindle slots 27, 23 whereby that washer 30, while able to slide in an axial direction on its spindle, will nevertheless rotate integrally with the spindle. The washers 29, 29a are similar to Washer 30, but have one lug extended to form a relatively long locking part 32. Thus, each washer 29, 29a by its axial movement can engage the longitudinal groove 23 or 26 in the corresponding bearing sleeve. This naturally will lock a spindle against rotation, and I therefore term the washers 29, 22a locking washers.

. When the washer 29 or 29a moves to aligned relation with one of the circular bearing sleeve grooves 21, 22, 24, 25, its locking part 32 will be positioned in that groove so that the washer can rotate.

Actually, I assemble washers like the washers 29, 29a,

1 and 30 in difierent numbers and in different arrangements to achieve difierent types of locking operation, as I shall describe in due course. In order that my invention may more readily be understood, I shall for the present confine my description to the particular assembly that I show in Figs. 1 to 4.

Thus, in Figs. 1 to 4, I show my mechanism assembled to form what I term a communicating suite lock, with an inside push button 33 adapted to lock the outside knob- 18, and a key plug 34 on the outside knob adapted to lock both knobs.

In that assembly, I utilize between the locking washer 29a and the washer 30 a coil spring 35 that acts to hold these washers normally against opposed ends of the spindle slots 27, 28.- Thereby the washers 29a and 30 are normally in aligned relatio'n to the grooves or free portions 21, 22 in bearing sleeve 11. It will be understood that the locking part 32 on washer 29a can then rotate in groove 21, and the inside spindle 15 will not be locked.

I further utilize in the assembly shown in Figs. 1 to 4 a locking stem 36 having a hooked outer end 37 that is adapted to be inserted through the locking Washer 29a and coil spring 35 into interlocking relation to the washer 30. I equip the push button 33 with opposed arms 38 having hooked ends that will interlock with the washer 30. Thus, washer 30 will connect the push button 33 and locking stem 36 so that they will move together.

The particular action of the locking stem 36 is rather usual, and I need observe merely that stem 36 has a locking portion 39 that moves in a slot 40 in lockhousing 10, Figs. 1 and 6, and that will enter a slot 41 in outside spindle sleeve 16 when push button 33 is depressed, whereby to lock that sleeve. On the stem 36 is a lug 42 that will move behind a catch 43 on bolt retractor 20, whereby to dog the stem in looking position. The operation of the catch 43 is similar to that described in the patent to A. .H. Golden et al., No. 2,747,907, and need not be described in further detail, it being understood that a retracting movement of the retractor 20 when moved by the inside knob 17 will move the catch 43 out of dogging relation to the stem 36. It should be no'ted at this point, however, that in my invention I utilize the coil spring 35, acting through the connecting washer 30, to press the locking stem 36 toward release position.

In the assembly that I show in Figs. 1 to 4, I utilize a sleeve-like rollback 44 that can be rotated by the key plug 34, and that can act in a usual way against the bolt retractor 20 for retracting the bolt. The rollback 44 supports the inner end of locking stem 36, and for that purpose I equip the stem 36 with a circular part 45 that rests on the inner surface of rollback 44. In the particular assembly, Imount on the outer end of rollback 44 a short bar 46, Figs. 1, 2, and 4. I then utilize a cam tube 47 having a slot 47a, best seen in Fig. 4, that is adapted to accept the bar 46 so that rollback 44 will rotate integrally with tube 47. Actually, .I have shown tube 47 and slot 47a rotated ninety degrees in Fig. 4 in order to show further parts of tube 47, and it is to be understood that bar46 when assembled will be engaged in slot The inner end of the cam tube 47 has lugs 48, shown in Fig. 4, that extend at opposed sides of locking washer 29 to limit rotation of the tube.

Between the cam tube 47 and the key plug 34 I utilize a cam driver 49 that is assembled to rotate within the cam tube. That cam driver 49 is formed at its outer end with an opening having lugs 50, Fig. 5, whereby a connecting bar 51 on the key plug can rotate the driver 49. On the :cam driver 49 is a pin 52 having end portions that are adapted to .coact with the outer edge of cam tube 47. I form the outer edge of cam tube 47 with stop surfaces 53, Figs. 4 and 5, whereby cam driver 49 when rotating in one direction will act through pin 52 to rotate also cam tube 47. Thus, key plug 34, by rotatingin one direction, will rotate the rollback 44 to eifect ratherconventionalkey actuation of the bolt retractor, 20.

:In addition, I form the cam tube .47 with cam surfaces 54, Figs. 4 and 5, against which the pin 52 will act, when key plug 34 rotates in the opposed direction, to move cam tube 47 axially. Pin 52 can act in that way because the lugs 48, Fig.4, then lie :against the sides of the lugs 31 32 on the locking washer 29 whereby tohold the cam tube 47 against rotation. Also, the cam driver 49 is held against axial movement by its engagement with knob retainer 18a, Figs. 1 and 2. By moving axially, the cam tube 47 will move the locking washer 29 to. place its'lockiug part 32 in the longitudinal locking .gro'ove Zn on .the outside bearing sleeve 12.. It will be understood, therefore, that by particular rotation of key plug 34, the outside spindle :16 will .be locked against rotation.

.Lshall .nowcall attention to the fact that I utilize in. the-assembly showninFigsrl to 4 aslider 56 that extends between the outer end of the key actuated rollb'ack 44, and ,the locking washer-29a on the inside-spindle1l5. As is .best shown in Fig. 4, the slider 56 is U-shaped so that it can be assembled to slide relatively to the locking stem 36. ZTheslider 56 is.formed at one end with a portion 57that will restagainst locking washer 29a and-at its opposed end with parts 58 that will extend slidablythrough openings 59, Figs. 2 and 4, in the stem part 45, to bear against the end of the rollback 44, as in Figs. 1 and 2.

To understand the action of the slider 56, it is necessary to realize that the cam tube 47, when moving the locking Washer 29 axially, will act also through that Washer 29 to move rollback 44 in an axial direction. Therefore, the cam tube 47 will be effective through the rollback 44 and slider 56 to move the locking washer 29a in unison with the locking washer 29f Also, the slider 56 thereby is eifective to transfer the pressure of spring 35 on the right ,hand side of the lock, as viewed in Fig. 1, to the cam tube 47 on the left, enabling the spring to hold that tube and the cam driver 49 in camming relation to one another. Through the particular arrangement, the key plug 34, when rotating in one direction away from a neutral position, will move the locking washers 29, 29a into locking engagement with the corresponding locking grooves 23, 26 on the spindle bearing sleeves. When rotating in the opposed direction away from neutral position, key plug 34 will simply rotate rollback 44 to retract latchbolt B.

I believe it will now be understood that my novel locking mechanism, when assembled in the manner shown in Figs. 1 to 4, will enable both inside and outside knobs 17, 18 to be locked through rotation of the key plug 34. The particular assembly further provides push button look ing of the outside knob, with key plug 34 adapted to retract the latchbolt B.

I shall now describe the manner in which I can assemble my mechanism to contribute further types of locking operation. It will first be observed that I can assemble in place of the locking washer 29a, in Figs. 1 to 4, a plain washer like the Washer 30. Thus by a very simple substitution ,1 can achieve push button locking, as in Fi s. 1 to 4, together with key locking of the outside knob through washer 29, but without locking the inside knob.

I can assemble my mechanism also to provide what I term an .ofiice lock, with merely push button locking of the outside knob, and key retraction of the bolt when that knob is locked. This assembly will be understood through reference to Fig. 7 of the drawings. To assemble my mechanism in that way I prefer to eliminate the cam tube 47 and cam driver 49 from the assembly shown in Figs. 1 to .4, since the key plug need not then efiect longitudinal movements. I then utilize in place of the end bar 46 on rollback 44 and bar 51 on key plug 34a relatively long connecting bar 151 that will engage in a slot in the end of rollback 44. Further, I utilize simply two plain washers 30, 39a on the inside knob spindle, as shown in Fig. 7. In this arrangement, the spring 35 will act between washers 30, 30a, and will be utilized simply to press the locking stem 36 and push button 33 toward release position. Therefore, I can omit slider 56 that I show in Fig. 4. To hold the rollback 44 against movement out of assembled position in an axial direction, I can utilize a lug struck inwardly on the knob spindle, and engaged in a slot 44a in the rollback 44. Thus, by assembling my mechanism in the manner shown in Fig. 7, I can achieve what is actually a conventional locking stem action. It is important to realize, however, that I do this through features that enable me to achieve many other types of action.

In Fig. 8 I indicate how my mechanism can be assembled to contribute an entrance'lock, with the outside knob locked through a key plug on the inside knob, and a key plug on the outside knob that is adapted to retract the bolt. Actually, the assembly that I utilize for this purpose is in some respects like that shown in Fig. 7. However, ,I utilize on the inside knob a key actuation that is like that utilized in Figs. 1 to 4 on the outside knob. Thus,, in place of the push button33 in Fig. 7, I substitute in Fig. ,8 a keyplug4134, a cam tube 147 and cam driver 149. II believeit will not be necessary to describe the action of the key plug 134 in detail, since this plug will act through cam driver 149 to move the washer 30 in the same manner as the key plug 34 .in Fig. 4 moves the washer 29. It will be understood that by moving the washer 30 the key plug 134 in Fig. 8 will move the locking stem 36 to locking position. In the assembly shown in Fig. 8, I can eliminate the locking stem catch 43 utilized in Fig. 7, since the key plug action will be effective to hold the stem in locking position.

I show in Fig. 9 a turn button 133 that I can utilize as a part of my novel locking mechanism. That turn button 133 is somewhat like the push button 33 in Figs. 1 to 4, but has a lug 133 for dogging the turn button in locking position. That dogging lug 138 is adapted to coact in a rather usual way with a camming slot 13811 that I form on the knob spindle 15, as shown in Fig. 2. Because the turn button 133 shown in Fig. 9 has arms 38 that will interlock with a washer 30, I can utilize that button 133 in many different types of assembly to change the action of that assembly. Thus, when utilized in place of the button 33 in Fig. 4, for example, turn button 133 can hold the locking stem 36 in locking position, so that the stern will not be released when catch 43 moves away from detent 42 on stem 36. When utilized in Fig. 8, turn button 133 will replace key plug 134 and its cams, and the locking action will not require the use of a key.

I have thus far described my locking mechanism as sembled with the locking stem 36, and I shall now describe types of operation that do not involve a locking stem. Thus, in Fig. 10 I show my mechanism assembled to form a communicating lock that contributes simply locking of each knob through a key plug on that knob. In that assembly, I utilize a locking washer 29 that is mounted on the outside spindle in normally aligned relation to the free portion or groove on the outside bearing sleeve, and a locking washer 29b on the inside spindle 15 in normally aligned relation to the groove 22. Juxtaposed to the sleeve grooves 21, 24 I utilize plain washers 30a, 30b. The outside knob and spindle have the same key plug and cam arrangement that I have described in connection with Figs. 1 to 4, but in 'Fig. 10 I duplicate that arrangement on the inside knob and spindle. In other words, the assembly shown in Fig. 10 has the inside keep plug 134 and cams 147, 149 that I have already described in connection with Fig. 8. Thus, in Fig. 10, the key plug 34 on the outside knob can move the locking washer 29 in an axial direction for locking that knob, and the key plug 134 on the inside knob can act similarly on the washer 29b for locking that knob.

In Fig. 11, I indicate how the arrangement in Fig. 10 can very easily be adapted so that each key plug will lock merely the opposed knob. To accomplish this, I simply reverse the positions of the washers relatively to the positions shown in Fig. 10. That is, instead of arranging the washers as in Fig. 10, I assemble the locking washers 29, 29b in aligned relation to the free grooves 21, 24 on the inner ends of the bearing sleeves, and I assemble the plain washers 30a, 30b in aligned relation to the sleeve grooves 22, 25. When so assembled, it will be appreciated that the plain washers 30a and 30b will be in coacting relation to the cam tubes 47, 147, Fig. 1t). I then utilize a pair of links 60, 61 that are shown in detail in Fig; 12. Each link 60, 61 has an end portion 62 that I assemble in interlocked relation to a plain washer 30a or 30b, Fig. 11, and an opposed end portion 63 in bearing relation to the locking washer 29 or 29b for the opposed spindle. When the washer 30a moves axially through rotation of the inside key plug 134, the link 61 that is interlocked with that washer will move the locking washer 29 on the outside spindle into locking relation-to the locking groove 26 on the corresponding bearing sleeve. The link 60 will act similarly to enable outside key plug 34, by moving washer 30b 'to move washer 29b to position locking the inside spindle. Thereby, a key on either knob will lock the opposed knob. Of course, it will be understood from the description. that I have already made that I do not particularly need to utilizekey actuation for the washers 30a, 30b when arranged as shown in Fig. 11. I can very well utilize for that purpose the turn button arrangement that I have described in connection with Fig. 9. Further, it is to be understood that my invention enables me to utilize the assembly shown in Fig. 11 with the turn button or key plug merely on one knob, the opposed knob being equipped with a different form of actuation, or even being a plain knob when it is not desired to effect locking of a particular side of the door.

I shall now refer to Fig. 13 of the drawings to describe my extremely no-vel locking mechanism when arranged to provide a store door lock, with the locking of both inside and outside knobs eifected simultaneously through a key plug on either knob. In describing the store door lock, it will be helpful to state first that I utilize on the inside spindle a key plug and cam arrangement like that I have already described in detail in connection with Fig. 4. Since that arrangement is utilized on the inside spindle 15, and will actuate a locking washer 29b, it is used actually as I have described in connection with Fig. 10, with a key plug 134 that acts through a cam driver 149 and cam tube 147 to move a locking washer 29b in an axial direction. More particularly, I assemble the locking washer 29b in Fig. 13 in normally aligned relation to the free groove 22 on the inside bearing sleeve 11. The inside key plug 134 by its rotation can then move Washer 29b to place its locking part 32 in the longitudinal groove 23 in the inside bearing sleeve 11 whereby to lock the inside knob. I further utilize in Fig. 13

the locking washer 29, that I assemble in normally aligned relation to the free groove 24 in the outside bearing sleeve. I further assemble a plain washer 30b in aligned relation to the free groove 25 in the outside bearing sleeve '12, with the coil spring 35 between the washers 29, 30b, I then utilize a tubular connecting bar guide 62 between the locking washers 29 and 2% on the opposed inside and outside spindles 15, 16. The arrangement is such that the spring 35, by pressing the locking washer 29, will act through the tubular guide 62 to press also the locking washer 29b. Washer 29b in turn will press the cam tube 147 whereby to hold that tube and the cam driver 149 in camming relation to one another. Thus, spring 35 will press both locking washers 29, 29b toward the inside knob, with those washers normally in aligned relation to their corresponding grooves 24, 22, on the bearing sleeves, so that both knobs of the lock will be free to rotate. Also, the inside key plug 134, when actuating the locking washer 29b to locking position will simultaneously move the washer 29 to locking position. Thereby, inside key plug 134 is effective to lock both knobs.

As an important part of the arrangement shown in Fig. 13, I assemble to the cam driver 149 an insert 63, Figs. 13 and 15. That insert 63 has a transverse open ing 64 for the cross pin 52 that I have already described, whereby to assemble insert 63 integrally to cam driver 149. Insert 63 further has an axial opening 65, Fig. 15, having therein a projection 66 that extends through a relatively small angle. In the particular assembly, shown in Fig. 13, I so form the cam tube 147 as to be open along its axis, and I provide a long connecting bar 67 that I insert through washers 30b, 29, guide 62, Washer 29!), and the tube 147. The inner end of connecting bar 67 I form with slots whereby to leave a relatively narrow portion 68, Fig. 13. Thereby, the connecting bar 67, when inserted as I have described, is adapted to interlock with" the cam insert 63, with the narrow portion 68 of the bar in position to rotate the projection 66 on the insert. How ever, since both the narrow bar portion 68 and'the projection 66 have a small angular width, a considerable' amount of lost motion can take place between the connecting bar 67 and cam insert 63, for a purpose that will appear. I form the opposed end of connecting bar 67 with a flat portion 69'whereby bar 67 will be keyed to the outside key plug 234. On that key plug I mount a spring 70, Fig. 14, that acts when the key plug is in assembled position to press the bar 67 relatively to the cam insert 63. Through the particular arrangement, the outside key plug 234 by rotating the cam driver 149 Will move both locking washers 29, 2%. Since the inside key plug 134, also, can rotate the cam driver 149, my mechanism when so assembled enables me toprovide simultaneous locking of both knobs through a key on either knob. The lost motion that I have described between the connecting bar 67 and cam insert 63 will enable either key plug 134 or 234 to actuate cam driver '149 without requiring the opposed key plug to rotate. In addition, that lost motion will enable each inside and outside knob spindle to rotate independently, without acting through cam insert 63 to place a'strain on the locking mechanism.

I believe that those skilled in the art will now understand that I have contributed a locking mechanism that is exceedingly novel and that can be assembled toprovide a very large number of different types of ilocking'operation. This I do through the utilization of free grooves and a locking groove on each inside and outside bearing sleeve, together with washers that can be assembled to the knob spindles in different arrangements relatively to the grooves on the bearing sleeves. Through my novel inventive concept, I am able to utilize those washers not only as locking elements, but also to perform further functions in the lock. Thus, through the washers I can, when I so desire, assemble in the lock a locking stem that can be actuated by push button, turn button, or key. When assembling the locking stemin that way, I am still able to utilize the locking function of one or more washers, with the washers actuated through keyor button. The washers in addition enable me to utilizea single spring to perform several different spring functions in the lock. Actually, it is conceivable that the looking elements need not be washers, and I have referred to washers merely for the purpose of facilitating a description of my invention. It is important to realize merely that I utilize elements that move axially on the "knob spindles, and that will perform several functions sothat I can assemble my novel locking mechanism to achieve any desired type of lockingoperation in a cylindrical lock. Not only do I achieve the'types of operation that I have particularly described, but by further substituting or interchanging the locking washers and plain washers I can elfect still other types of operation. I accomplish these things while utilizing parts that are relatively slmple and few in number, with a minimum number of parts that need be formed especially for use in a particular assembly. Thus,"through the manufacture ofarelatively small number of parts, I am able to assemble imany ditferent cylindrical locks. In short, I contribute a novel locking mechanism that is of extreme value to the industry, and I believe that the very considerable merits of myinvention will be readily appreciated.

I now claim:

'1. In a lock assembly of the class described, a, housing, a bearing sleeve on one end of said housing, a spindle sleeve mounted to rotate within said bearing sleeve, said spindle sleeve having a portion extending from said hearing sleeve and formed with a bolt retracting cam rotating in said housing, groove means extending axially on the inner surface of said bearing sleeve, two washers assembled in said spindle sleeve, each washer formed with lugs engaged in slots in said spindle sleeve to mount said Washers for sliding movement independently of one another and with said lugs moving in aligned relation to said groove means, so that there can be used as either of said washers a washer having a lug that will coact with said groove means to lock the spindle sleeve, a

spring acting between the said washers to press said wash ers on their mounting to predetermined normal positions that are beyond opposed ends of said groove means, surfaces formed on each of said washers for coaction with a lock operating part, and at least one lock operating part engaging the said surfaces on a. particular washer to accept the springpressure of (the washer while adapted to move axially with that washer as it slides relatively to its normal position, so that either washer is effective by its yielding spring pressure to move and to be moved by a lock operating part engaged therewith.

2. In a lock assembly of the class described, a housing, inside and outside spindles rotatable in portions of said housing, said spindles having cams extending from said housing portions 'and rotating in the housing to retract a bolt, a plurality of members mounted for sliding movement in an axial direction on said spindles, a spring acting on the said members on one spindle to press each of those members to a predetermined position relatively to the spindle and within the corresponding housing portion, surfaces formed on each of said members for coaction with alock operating part, a lock operating part in the form of a locking stem assembled to the said surfaces on one of the spring pressed members to accept the spring pressure of the member while adapted to move axially with the member as the member moves relatively to its predetermined position relatively to said one spindle, said locking stem having a portion for locking the opposed spindle, and a slider assembled between the said surfaces on another of the springpressed members on said one spindle anda member on said opposed spindle whereby to transfer the spring pressure to said member on the opposed spindle, so as toprcss also said last mentioned member to a predetermined position. i

3. In a lock assembly of the class described, a housing havingapair of opposed bearing portions, ahollow sleeve rotating in each bearing portion, locking surfaces formed on the inner surfaces of said bearing portions and relatively to which said sleeves rotate, each of said locking surfaces being of relatively short length axially of said bearing portions as compared to each of said sleeves, a plurality of locking and non-locking washers, means whereby each sleeve is adapted to support thereon two of said washers for sliding motion independently of each other axially of said sleeve-and within the bearing portion for that sleeve, said washers having like body portions whereby to be interchangeable in assembly to said sleeves, each locking washer being formed to extend sufficiently outwardly of its sleeve to coact with said locking surfaces, each non-locking washer being formed to lie sufiiciently inwardly of its sleeve to escape said locking surfaces, means for moving at least one washer axially on its sleeve when supported thereon, said at least one Washer by its axial movement adapted to impart axial movement .to a lock operating member, and also effective when a locking washer to lock its sleeve through coaction with the lockingsurfaces.

4. In a lock assembly of the class described, a housing, a bearing sleeve extending from said housing, a spindle sleeve mounted to rotate within said bearing sleeve for actuating a bolt retracting cam in said housing, groove means extending axially on the inner surface of said bearing sleeve, two washers assembled in said spindle sleeve, said washers formed with lugs engaged in longitudinal slot means in said spindle sleeve to mount said washers for sliding movement independently of one another and with said lugs moving in aligned relation to said groove means, so that a lug on a washer when formed to coact with said groove means will lock. the spindle sleeve, spring means pressing said washers in. opposed directions on their mounting to predetermined normal positions that are beyond opposed ends of said groove means, a coacting surface formed on each of said washers for coaction with a lock operating part, and a lock operating part engaged with a coasting surface on a parmass? ticular washer to accept the spring pressure of the particular washer while adapted to move axially with that washer as it slides relatively to its normal position, either washer being effective by its yielding spring pressure to move and to be moved by a lock operating part engaged therewith.

5. In a lock assembly of the class described, a housing, a bearing sleeve extending from said housing, a bolt retracting spindle sleeve mounted to rotate within said hearing sleeve, a locking surface extending axially on the inner surface of said bearing sleeve, said locking surface being positioned on a medial portion of said bearing sleeve and of relatively short length as compared to the length of said bearing sleeve, two members assembled on said spindle sleeve in axial relation thereto, said members having like body portions whereby to be interchangeable in assembly relatively to said spindle sleeve, means mounting said members for sliding movement independently of one another in a longitudinal direction on said spindle sleeve with said members moving in aligned relation to said locking surface on the bearing sleeve, so that a member when formed with a locking portion on its body portion will coact with said locking surface to lock the spindle sleeve, spring means acting against the said members to press said members on their mounting to predetermnied normal positions that are beyond opposed ends of said locking surface on the hearing sleeve, coasting surfaces formed on each of said members for coaction with a lock operating part, and a lock operating part engaged with a coacting surface on a particular member on said spindle sleeve to accept the spring pressure of the member while adapted to move axially with that member as said particular member slides relatively to its normal position, either member being effective by its yielding spring pressure to move and to be moved by a lock'operating part engaged therewith.

6. In a lock assembly as set forth in claim 5, and including a further bolt retracting spindle sleeve mounted to rotate in a further bearing sleeve that extends from said-housing, a stem having one end portion connected to a coacting surface on said particular member on the first spindle sleeve and an opposed end portion extending toward said further spindle sleeve, said stem being pressed toward a release position by the spring pressure of said particular member and moved to a locking position when the said lock operating part slides said particular member against its spring pressure, and means on said opposed end portion of the stem locking said further spindle sleeve when the stem is in loclo'ng position.

7. In a lock assembly as set forth in claim 5, and including a further bolt retracting spindle sleeve mounted to rotate in a further bearing sleeve that extends from' said housing, a stem having one end portion connected to a coacting surface on said particular member on the first spindle sleeve and an opposed end portion extending toward said further spindle sleeve, said stem being pressed toward a release position by the spring pressure of said' particular member and moved to a locking position when the said lock operating part slides said particular member away from its normal position against the spring pressure, means on said opposed end portion of the stern locking said further spindle sleeve when the stem is in looking position, a slider having one end portion connected to a coacting surface on the other of said sliding members on the first spindle sleeve, an opposed end portion of said slider extending toward said further spindle sleeve, and

means'connected to said opposed end portion of the Q of relatively short length as compared to the length of said bearing sleeve, two members assembled on each spindle sleeve in axial relation thereto, said members having like body portions whereby to be interchangeable in assem bly relatively to said spindle sleeves, means mounting the two members on each sleeve for sliding movement inde'-' pendently of one another in a longitudinal direction relatively to the sleeve with said members moving in aligned relation to the corresponding locking surface, so that a member when formed with a locking portion on its body portion will coact with a locking surface to lock a corresponding spindle sleeve, spring means acting against the said members to press said members on their mounting to predetermined normal positions that are beyond opposed ends of the locking surface on the corresponding bearing sleeve, coacting surfaces formed on each of said members'for coaction with a lock operating part, a lock operating part engaged with a coacting surface on a particular member on one spindle sleeve for sliding that member relatively to its normal position, and a link engaged with the coacting surfaces on said particular member and on a member on the other spindle sleeve, enabling said lock operating part to slide also the last named member against spring pressure relatively to normal position.

9. In a lock assembly as set forth in claim 5, and including a further bolt retracting spindle sleeve mounted to rotate in a further bearing sleeve that extends from said housing, the'said locl; operating part being in the form ofa link and having one end portion connected to a coacting surface on said particular member on the first spindle sleeve and an opposed end portion extending toward said further spindle sleeve, a further memberconnected to said opposed end portion of the link and adapted to lock said further spindle sleeve, and means for moving said further member to a position locking the further spindle sleeve while accepting through said link the spring pressure of said particular member in the first spindle sleeve.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,630,697 Welch Mar. 10,

2,694,916 McConnell Nov. 23, 1954 2,708,357 Ahlquist May 17, 1955 2,720,408 Krupicka Oct. 11, 1955 2,724,607 Fisler Nov. 22, 1955 2,726,891 Gresham et a1. Dec. 13, 1955 2,738,666 Tornoe Mar. 20; 1956 2,814,195 Ahlquist Nov. 26, 1957 

